A new separation methodology for the maritime sector emissions over
the Mediterranean and Black Sea regions
Pseftogkas, A., Koukouli, M.-E.,
Skoulidou, I., Balis, D., Melati, C., Stavrakou, T., Falco, L.,
van Geffen, J., Eskes, H., Segers, A. and Manders, A.: 2021
Atmosphere 12, 1478, 18 pp.
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to apply a new lane separation methodology for the
maritime sector emissions attributed to the different vessel types and
marine traffic loads in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea defined via the
European Marine and Observation Data network (EMODnet), developed in 2016.
This methodology is implemented for the first time on the Copernicus
Atmospheric Monitoring Service Global Shipping (CAMS-GLOB-SHIP v2.1)
nitrogen oxides (NOX) emissions inventory, on the Sentinel-5 Precursor
Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
tropospheric vertical column densities, and on the LOTOS-EUROS (Long Term
Ozone Simulation-European Operational Smog) CTM (chemical transport model)
simulations. By applying this new EMODnet-based lane separation method to
the CAMS-GLOB-SHIP v2.1 emission inventory, we find that cargo and tanker
vessels account for approximately 80% of the total emissions in the
Mediterranean, followed by fishing, passenger, and other vessel emissions
with contributions of 8%, 7%, and 5%, respectively. Tropospheric NO2
vertical column densities sensed by TROPOMI for 2019 and simulated by the
LOTOS-EUROS CTM have been successfully attributed to the major vessel
activities in the Mediterranean; the mean annual NO2 load of the
observations and the simulations reported for the entire maritime
EMODnet-reported fleet of the Mediterranean is in satisfactory agreement,
1.26 ± 0.56 x 10^15 molecules cm-2 and 0.98 ± 0.41 x 10^15
molecules cm-2, respectively. The spatial correlation of the annual maritime
NO2 loads of all vessel types between observation and simulation ranges
between 0.93 and 0.98. On a seasonal basis, both observations and
simulations show a common variability. The wintertime comparisons are in
excellent agreement for the highest emitting sector, cargo vessels, with the
observations reporting a mean load of 0.98 ± 0.54 and the simulations
of 0.81 ± 0.45 x 10^15 molecules cm-2 and correlation of 0.88.
Similarly, the passenger sector reports 0.45 ± 0.49 and 0.39 ±
0.45 x 10^15 molecules cm-2 respectively, with correlation of 0.95. In
summertime, the simulations report a higher decrease in modelled
tropospheric columns than the observations, however, still resulting in a
high correlation between 0.85 and 0.94 for all sectors. These encouraging
findings will permit us to proceed with creating a top-down inventory for
NOx shipping emissions using S5P/TROPOMI satellite observations and a data
assimilation technique based on the LOTOS-EUROS chemical transport model.
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created: 8 November 2021
last modified: 8 November 2021